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Colds & FluCold A virus infection in which blockage and inflammation of the nose (rhinitis) and sinuses are prominent symptoms. Although many athletes train and even compete with a mild cold, it is wise to avoid all strenuous activity during the feverish stage of a cold because there is a danger that the virus will affect the heart (see myocarditis). Many over-the-counter cold cures contain stimulants, which constrict blood vessels in the upper respiratory tract and nose. Influenza An acute viral infection of the upper or lower respiratory tract. Influenza viruses A (the most common), B, and C produce similar symptoms, but infection with or vaccination against one does not give immunity against the others. Chills, fatigue, and muscle aches begin abruptly. The temperature soon reaches 38 ? 40 °C (101 ? 104 °F). Head, muscle, abdominal, and joint aches may be accompanied by sore throat. Recovery starts in three to four days, and respiratory symptoms become more prominent. Bed rest, high fluid intake, and aspirin or other antifever drugs are standard treatment. Influenza A tends to occur in wavelike annual pandemics. Mortality is usually low, but in rare outbreaks, such as the influenza epidemic of 1918 ? 19, it reaches immense proportions. Most deaths result from pneumonia or bronchitis. | |||
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